Electromagnet introduction
Release time:
2021-11-09
From a mechanical point of view: it is also one of the power sources to provide mechanical action. Let's take a look at the mechanical power sources besides electromagnets, such as motors, pneumatic systems, hydraulic systems (in fact, the final power of pneumatic or hydraulic pumps is still provided by motors), engines (whether it is automobile, aviation or aerospace engines, chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy). It can be seen from here that there are not many mechanical power sources that can be used by human beings and are limited by the use environment, most of the industrial or civil use is the motor, which may also be because the use and transmission of electric energy is more convenient, human beings convert most of the energy existence into electric energy for use. But no matter what kind of motor direct output power is rotation, and in the need for translation of the occasion must be equipped with a conversion mechanism. In this way, the mechanical efficiency of the system is greatly reduced. Because the translation speed and frequency of the final output of the mechanical transmission cannot be improved, and the mechanical structure of the motor and the conversion mechanism itself is not so simple, which makes the electromagnet have irreplaceable advantages when the translation distance is not very large and the translation speed and frequency are required.
For a thing from different angles to analyze, you can find different properties and characteristics. In order to make a more complete description of the electromagnet, we analyze it from as many angles as possible.
From an energy perspective:Electromagnet, is a kind of transducer device.That is, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. This is also the essential feature of the electromagnet.
From a mechanical point of view:It is also one of the power sources to provide mechanical action.Let's take a look at the mechanical power sources besides electromagnets, such as motors, pneumatic systems, hydraulic systems (in fact, the final power of pneumatic or hydraulic pumps is still provided by motors), engines (whether it is automobile, aviation or aerospace engines, chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy). It can be seen from here that there are not many mechanical power sources that can be used by human beings and are limited by the use environment, most of the industrial or civil use is the motor, which may also be because the use and transmission of electric energy is more convenient, human beings convert most of the energy existence into electric energy for use. But no matter what kind of motor direct output power is rotation, and in the need for translation of the occasion must be equipped with a conversion mechanism. In this way, the mechanical efficiency of the system is greatly reduced. Because the translation speed and frequency of the final output of the mechanical transmission cannot be improved, and the mechanical structure of the motor and the conversion mechanism itself is not so simple, which makes the electromagnet have irreplaceable advantages when the translation distance is not very large and the translation speed and frequency are required.
From an electrical point of view:Electromagnet is a large inductive load device.Whether it is a DC electromagnet or an AC electromagnet, it is composed of a coil and an iron core, and this structure determines its inductance characteristics. The more turns of the coil, the thicker the iron core, the greater the inductance, the more energy storage, and the greater the output power. At the same time, the longer the action response time, the greater the phase difference between the voltage and current of the AC electromagnet, and the electromagnet The more unstable the working performance. For AC electromagnets, eddy currents will be generated in the iron core and cause serious iron loss. Therefore, the iron core of AC electromagnets is made of sheet-like superposition to reduce eddy currents. This is also the reason why the appearance of AC electromagnets is square. For DC electromagnet, the current will slowly rise to the rated current when it is powered on, which is the reason for the existence of response time. The inductor discharges in reverse at the moment of power failure, forming reverse high voltage, causing reverse impact on the switch contact or power supply. When the DC power or self-inductance is relatively large or the action is frequent, a freewheeling diode or a protection element for reverse current absorption must be added.
From a control point of view:An electromagnet is a state control device.Due to the simple structure of the electromagnet, the output strength, position and speed cannot be controlled during the movement of the electromagnet. Even if the closed loop is used for real-time control, the control effect is not satisfactory, and the response of the electromagnet to the state is very clear, in place and back, and after many repetitions, the position of the two states will hardly change.
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